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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Las Brujas. |
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Fecha : |
17/12/2020 |
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Actualizado : |
06/09/2022 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Nacionales |
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Autor : |
BECOÑA, G.; LEDGARD, S.; ASTIGARRAGA, L.; LIZARRALDE, C.; DIEGUEZ, F.; HERMES, M. |
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Afiliación : |
GONZALO BECOÑA, Instituto Plan Agropecuario, Montevideo, Uruguay.; STEWART LEDGARD, AgResearch, Hamilton, New Zealand.; LAURA ASTIGARRAGA, Universidad de la República, Facultad de Agronomía, Montevideo, Uruguay.; CAROLINA ANGELA LIZARRALDE PIQUET, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; FRANCISCO DIEGUEZ, Universidad de la República, Facultad de Veterinaria, Montevideo, Uruguay.; MORALES HERMES, Instituto Plan Agropecuario, Montevideo, Uruguay. |
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Título : |
EMAG - National model for evaluating environmental impacts of cattle production systems in Uruguay. [EMAG - Modelo nacional para evaluar impactos ambientales de sistemas de producción ganadera en Uruguay]. [EMAG - Modelo nacional de evaluação de impactos ambientais dos sistemas de produção pecuária no Uruguai]. |
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Complemento del título : |
Section: Natural and environmental resources |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2020 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
Agrociencia Uruguay, 2020, 24(2): 1- 19. Article 48. Doi: https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.24.48 |
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ISSN : |
e-ISSN: 2301-1548 |
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DOI : |
10.31285/AGRO.24.48 |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
Article history: Received09 May 2019; Accepted17 Jul 2020; Published17 Aug 2020.
APA Citation: Becoña, G., Ledgard, S., Astigarraga, L., Lizarralde, C., Dieguez, F., & Hermes, M. (2020). EMAG - National model for evaluating environmental impacts of cattle production systems in Uruguay. Agrociencia Uruguay, 24(2), 1- 19. https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.24.48 |
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Contenido : |
ABSTRACT.
Cattle and sheep systems in Uruguay and worldwide are challenged to reduce their environmental footprint while increasing efficiency and production. To achieve this challenge, user-friendly tools are needed that can translate research findings into practical information that could improve decision making by farmers and advise different stakeholders. Despite this, there are a limited number of applied environmental models in other countries and they are typically based on productive, high-quality pasture/crop-feed systems with relatively high inputs. In contrast, cattle and sheep production in Uruguay is largely associated with extensive grazing systems on unique natural grassland systems of relatively poor feed quality and often with no nutrient inputs in fertilizers. Thus, there is a need for a model that can take account for these types of systems and bring together relevant country-specific data to provide information of relevance for Uruguay. The EMAG (Evaluación Medio Ambiental Ganadera) model accounts for multiple environmental and resource use indicators of nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) balances and losses, greenhouse gas emissions and use of fossil energy. Results are provided on a per-hectare and per-kg product basis. This decision support tool for cattle and sheep farmers systems is based on life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology from ?cradle-to-farm gate? for all resources use indicators. It uses national pa-rameters and in case of lack of information is supplied from international research in pastoral systems. The model use for environmental methodology tier 2 animal energy model to account for key animal productivity and management practices. EMAG is a user-friendly model that requires basic information for a farm system divided into land use (forage types used uniquely for natural grassland in Uruguay), animal management (beef cattle and sheep), farm inputs (fertilizers, supplementary feeds, seeds and agrochemicals) and fossil energy (fuel and electricity) used in the system. EMAG can help to identify hot-spots of emissions and resource use, as well as to evaluate changes over time. In addition, it can be used to test cattle or sheep management practices or evaluate mitigation options within the system. By providing multiple indicators, EMAG can be used to provide information to avoid ?trade-offs? between environmental impacts when assessing future options. As an example of usability, the paper reports a case study which showed potential benefits of improving environmental efficiency and note interesting result around negative P balance when increase productivity in a system. In summary, EMAG is a decision-support tool developed with the objective of evaluating the environmental performance of cattle and sheep systems, that would help farmers in decision making and different stakeholders according to their interest.
.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.
RESUMEN.
Los sistemas ganaderos en Uruguay y en todo el mundo tienen el desafío de reducir su huella ambiental al tiempo que aumentan la eficiencia y la producción. Para lograr este desafío, se necesitan herramientas fáciles de usar que puedan traducir los hallazgos de la investigación en información práctica que pueda mejorar la toma de decisiones de los productores y asesorar a diferentes actores interesados. A pesar de que existe un número limitado de modelos ambientales utilizados en otros países, por lo general, se basan en sistemas pro-ductivos donde existen forrajes de alta calidad/cultivos y con alto uso de insumos. En contraste, la producción ganadera en Uruguay está asociada en gran medida con sistemas de pastoreo extensivos, basados en el uso de forrajes únicos en el mundo donde la calidad del alimento es relativamente pobre y prácticamente sin agre-gado de fertilizantes. Por lo tanto, en este escenario existe la necesidad de un modelo que pueda tener en cuenta este tipo de sistemas y que reúna datos relevantes específicos nacionales con el objetivo de proporcio-nar información relevante para Uruguay. El modelo EMAG (Evaluación Medio Ambiental Ganadera) cuenta con múltiples indicadores ambientales y de uso de recursos de balances como: pérdidas de nutrientes (nitrógeno y fósforo), emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y uso de energía fósil. Los resultados se proporcionan por hectárea y por kg de producto. Esta herramienta de apoyo a la toma de decisión para sistemas ganaderos (vacuno y ovinos) se basa en la metodología de evaluación de análisis de ciclo de vida (ACV) desde la "cuna a la portera del establecimiento" para todos los indicadores de uso de los recursos. Utiliza parámetros nacionales y, en caso de falta de información, se obtiene de investigaciones internacionales en sistemas pastoriles. El modelo utiliza para la metodología ambiental la referente de energía animal de nivel 2 para evaluar las prácticas clave de producción y manejo animal. EMAG es un modelo fácil de usar que requiere información básica de un sistema dividido en: el uso de la tierra (tipos de forraje utilizados exclusivamente para pasturas naturales en Uruguay), manejo de animales (ganado vacuno y ovino), insumos utilizados (fertilizantes, alimentos complementarios, semillas y agroquímicos) y energía fósil (combustible y electricidad) utilizada en el sistema. EMAG puede ayudar a identificar puntos altos de emisiones ambientales y uso de recursos natura les, así como evaluar cambios a lo largo del tiempo. Además, se puede utilizar para probar distintas prácticas de manejo de ganado vacuno y ovino o evaluar las opciones de mitigación dentro del sistema. Al proporcionar múltiples indicadores, EMAG se puede utilizar para proporcionar información para evitar «compensaciones» entre los impactos ambientales al evaluar las opciones futuras. Como ejemplo de usabilidad del modelo, el documento presenta un estudio de caso que muestra los beneficios potenciales de mejorar la eficiencia ambiental con un resultado interesante en torno al balance de fósforo negativo cuando se incrementa la productividad en un sistema. En resumen, EMAG es una herramienta de apoyo a la toma de decisiones desarrollada con el objetivo de evaluar el desempeño ambiental de los sistemas ganaderos que ayudaría a los agricultores en su toma de decisiones y a diferentes actores interesados. MenosABSTRACT.
Cattle and sheep systems in Uruguay and worldwide are challenged to reduce their environmental footprint while increasing efficiency and production. To achieve this challenge, user-friendly tools are needed that can translate research findings into practical information that could improve decision making by farmers and advise different stakeholders. Despite this, there are a limited number of applied environmental models in other countries and they are typically based on productive, high-quality pasture/crop-feed systems with relatively high inputs. In contrast, cattle and sheep production in Uruguay is largely associated with extensive grazing systems on unique natural grassland systems of relatively poor feed quality and often with no nutrient inputs in fertilizers. Thus, there is a need for a model that can take account for these types of systems and bring together relevant country-specific data to provide information of relevance for Uruguay. The EMAG (Evaluación Medio Ambiental Ganadera) model accounts for multiple environmental and resource use indicators of nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) balances and losses, greenhouse gas emissions and use of fossil energy. Results are provided on a per-hectare and per-kg product basis. This decision support tool for cattle and sheep farmers systems is based on life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology from ?cradle-to-farm gate? for all resources use indicators. It uses national pa-rameters ... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
CATTLE; ENVIRONMENT; GRAZING SYSTEMS; MEIO AMBIENTE; MODEL; Pecuária; Sistemas de pastoreio. |
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Thesagro : |
GANADO; MEDIOAMBIENTE; MODELO; SISTEMAS DE PASTOREO. |
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Asunto categoría : |
L02 Alimentación animal |
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URL : |
http://www.ainfo.inia.uy/digital/bitstream/item/16745/1/Agrociencia-UY-2020-24-N2-48.pdf
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Marc : |
LEADER 08049naa a2200349 a 4500
001 1061588
005 2022-09-06
008 2020 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
022 $ae-ISSN: 2301-1548
024 7 $a10.31285/AGRO.24.48$2DOI
100 1 $aBECOÑA, G.
245 $aEMAG - National model for evaluating environmental impacts of cattle production systems in Uruguay. [EMAG - Modelo nacional para evaluar impactos ambientales de sistemas de producción ganadera en Uruguay]. [EMAG - Modelo nacional de evaluação de impactos ambientais dos sistemas de produção pecuária no Uruguai].$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2020
500 $aArticle history: Received09 May 2019; Accepted17 Jul 2020; Published17 Aug 2020. APA Citation: Becoña, G., Ledgard, S., Astigarraga, L., Lizarralde, C., Dieguez, F., & Hermes, M. (2020). EMAG - National model for evaluating environmental impacts of cattle production systems in Uruguay. Agrociencia Uruguay, 24(2), 1- 19. https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.24.48
520 $aABSTRACT. Cattle and sheep systems in Uruguay and worldwide are challenged to reduce their environmental footprint while increasing efficiency and production. To achieve this challenge, user-friendly tools are needed that can translate research findings into practical information that could improve decision making by farmers and advise different stakeholders. Despite this, there are a limited number of applied environmental models in other countries and they are typically based on productive, high-quality pasture/crop-feed systems with relatively high inputs. In contrast, cattle and sheep production in Uruguay is largely associated with extensive grazing systems on unique natural grassland systems of relatively poor feed quality and often with no nutrient inputs in fertilizers. Thus, there is a need for a model that can take account for these types of systems and bring together relevant country-specific data to provide information of relevance for Uruguay. The EMAG (Evaluación Medio Ambiental Ganadera) model accounts for multiple environmental and resource use indicators of nutrient (nitrogen and phosphorus) balances and losses, greenhouse gas emissions and use of fossil energy. Results are provided on a per-hectare and per-kg product basis. This decision support tool for cattle and sheep farmers systems is based on life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology from ?cradle-to-farm gate? for all resources use indicators. It uses national pa-rameters and in case of lack of information is supplied from international research in pastoral systems. The model use for environmental methodology tier 2 animal energy model to account for key animal productivity and management practices. EMAG is a user-friendly model that requires basic information for a farm system divided into land use (forage types used uniquely for natural grassland in Uruguay), animal management (beef cattle and sheep), farm inputs (fertilizers, supplementary feeds, seeds and agrochemicals) and fossil energy (fuel and electricity) used in the system. EMAG can help to identify hot-spots of emissions and resource use, as well as to evaluate changes over time. In addition, it can be used to test cattle or sheep management practices or evaluate mitigation options within the system. By providing multiple indicators, EMAG can be used to provide information to avoid ?trade-offs? between environmental impacts when assessing future options. As an example of usability, the paper reports a case study which showed potential benefits of improving environmental efficiency and note interesting result around negative P balance when increase productivity in a system. In summary, EMAG is a decision-support tool developed with the objective of evaluating the environmental performance of cattle and sheep systems, that would help farmers in decision making and different stakeholders according to their interest. .-.-.-.-.-.-.-. RESUMEN. Los sistemas ganaderos en Uruguay y en todo el mundo tienen el desafío de reducir su huella ambiental al tiempo que aumentan la eficiencia y la producción. Para lograr este desafío, se necesitan herramientas fáciles de usar que puedan traducir los hallazgos de la investigación en información práctica que pueda mejorar la toma de decisiones de los productores y asesorar a diferentes actores interesados. A pesar de que existe un número limitado de modelos ambientales utilizados en otros países, por lo general, se basan en sistemas pro-ductivos donde existen forrajes de alta calidad/cultivos y con alto uso de insumos. En contraste, la producción ganadera en Uruguay está asociada en gran medida con sistemas de pastoreo extensivos, basados en el uso de forrajes únicos en el mundo donde la calidad del alimento es relativamente pobre y prácticamente sin agre-gado de fertilizantes. Por lo tanto, en este escenario existe la necesidad de un modelo que pueda tener en cuenta este tipo de sistemas y que reúna datos relevantes específicos nacionales con el objetivo de proporcio-nar información relevante para Uruguay. El modelo EMAG (Evaluación Medio Ambiental Ganadera) cuenta con múltiples indicadores ambientales y de uso de recursos de balances como: pérdidas de nutrientes (nitrógeno y fósforo), emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y uso de energía fósil. Los resultados se proporcionan por hectárea y por kg de producto. Esta herramienta de apoyo a la toma de decisión para sistemas ganaderos (vacuno y ovinos) se basa en la metodología de evaluación de análisis de ciclo de vida (ACV) desde la "cuna a la portera del establecimiento" para todos los indicadores de uso de los recursos. Utiliza parámetros nacionales y, en caso de falta de información, se obtiene de investigaciones internacionales en sistemas pastoriles. El modelo utiliza para la metodología ambiental la referente de energía animal de nivel 2 para evaluar las prácticas clave de producción y manejo animal. EMAG es un modelo fácil de usar que requiere información básica de un sistema dividido en: el uso de la tierra (tipos de forraje utilizados exclusivamente para pasturas naturales en Uruguay), manejo de animales (ganado vacuno y ovino), insumos utilizados (fertilizantes, alimentos complementarios, semillas y agroquímicos) y energía fósil (combustible y electricidad) utilizada en el sistema. EMAG puede ayudar a identificar puntos altos de emisiones ambientales y uso de recursos natura les, así como evaluar cambios a lo largo del tiempo. Además, se puede utilizar para probar distintas prácticas de manejo de ganado vacuno y ovino o evaluar las opciones de mitigación dentro del sistema. Al proporcionar múltiples indicadores, EMAG se puede utilizar para proporcionar información para evitar «compensaciones» entre los impactos ambientales al evaluar las opciones futuras. Como ejemplo de usabilidad del modelo, el documento presenta un estudio de caso que muestra los beneficios potenciales de mejorar la eficiencia ambiental con un resultado interesante en torno al balance de fósforo negativo cuando se incrementa la productividad en un sistema. En resumen, EMAG es una herramienta de apoyo a la toma de decisiones desarrollada con el objetivo de evaluar el desempeño ambiental de los sistemas ganaderos que ayudaría a los agricultores en su toma de decisiones y a diferentes actores interesados.
650 $aGANADO
650 $aMEDIOAMBIENTE
650 $aMODELO
650 $aSISTEMAS DE PASTOREO
653 $aCATTLE
653 $aENVIRONMENT
653 $aGRAZING SYSTEMS
653 $aMEIO AMBIENTE
653 $aMODEL
653 $aPecuária
653 $aSistemas de pastoreio
700 1 $aLEDGARD, S.
700 1 $aASTIGARRAGA, L.
700 1 $aLIZARRALDE, C.
700 1 $aDIEGUEZ, F.
700 1 $aHERMES, M.
773 $tAgrociencia Uruguay, 2020, 24(2): 1- 19. Article 48. Doi: https://doi.org/10.31285/AGRO.24.48
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INIA Las Brujas (LB) |
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Registro completo
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Tacuarembó. |
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Fecha actual : |
21/02/2014 |
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Actualizado : |
20/09/2019 |
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Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
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Circulación / Nivel : |
Internacional - -- |
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Autor : |
BALMELLI, G.; SIMETO, S.; ALTIER, N.; MARRONI, V.; DIEZ, J.J. |
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Afiliación : |
GUSTAVO BALMELLI HERNANDEZ, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Uruguay; SOFIA SIMETO FERRARI, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Uruguay; NORA ADRIANA ALTIER MANZINI, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Uruguay; VIRGINIA MARRONI; JULIO J. DIEZ. |
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Título : |
Long term losses caused by foliar diseases on growth and survival of Eucalyptus globulus in Uruguay. |
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Fecha de publicación : |
2013 |
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Fuente / Imprenta : |
New Forests, 2013, v. 44, no.2, p. 249-263. |
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ISSN : |
0169-4286 |
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DOI : |
10.1007/s11056-012-9314-z |
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Idioma : |
Inglés |
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Notas : |
History article: Received: 17 May 2011; Accepted: 10 February 2012; Published online: 24 February 2012. |
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Contenido : |
Eucalyptus globulus is the most important forest species in Uruguay, with more than 250,000 ha of commercial plantations. Despite its high susceptibility to diseases, production losses caused by foliar diseases have not been properly quantified in this country. This study analyzes the effects of foliar damage on growth and survival using data from a progeny test of E. globulus naturally infected by Teratosphaeria leaf disease and eucalypt rust (Puccinia psidii). The severity of leaf spots and defoliation were quantified 8 months after planting and tree growth and mortality were evaluated 2, 4 and 6 years later. The trial had a high incidence of foliar damage, with a mean leaf spot severity of 28.7% and a mean defoliation of 37%. The greatest impact of foliar damage, both on growth rate and mortality, occurred in the first 2 years after damage was assessed. During this period, leaf spot severity less than 40% and defoliation below 50% did not affect growth, while survival was affected when leaf damage was 70% or greater. By the sixth year both stem growth and survival were affected by severe foliar damage (spotting or defoliation of 80% or more), with a loss of up to 25% in diameter and an accumulated mortality over 70%. It has been established for the first time that under the intensive Uruguayan productive conditions, E. globulus trees can tolerate a relatively high degree of leaf spotting or defoliation but severe foliar damage in the first months can cause considerable production losses, putting at risk the economical viability of this species. MenosEucalyptus globulus is the most important forest species in Uruguay, with more than 250,000 ha of commercial plantations. Despite its high susceptibility to diseases, production losses caused by foliar diseases have not been properly quantified in this country. This study analyzes the effects of foliar damage on growth and survival using data from a progeny test of E. globulus naturally infected by Teratosphaeria leaf disease and eucalypt rust (Puccinia psidii). The severity of leaf spots and defoliation were quantified 8 months after planting and tree growth and mortality were evaluated 2, 4 and 6 years later. The trial had a high incidence of foliar damage, with a mean leaf spot severity of 28.7% and a mean defoliation of 37%. The greatest impact of foliar damage, both on growth rate and mortality, occurred in the first 2 years after damage was assessed. During this period, leaf spot severity less than 40% and defoliation below 50% did not affect growth, while survival was affected when leaf damage was 70% or greater. By the sixth year both stem growth and survival were affected by severe foliar damage (spotting or defoliation of 80% or more), with a loss of up to 25% in diameter and an accumulated mortality over 70%. It has been established for the first time that under the intensive Uruguayan productive conditions, E. globulus trees can tolerate a relatively high degree of leaf spotting or defoliation but severe foliar damage in the first months can cause considerable pr... Presentar Todo |
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Palabras claves : |
DISEASE SEVERITY; FOLIAR DISEASES; GROWTH RESPONSE; TERATOSPHAERIA SPP. |
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Thesagro : |
ENFERMEDADES DE LAS PLANTAS; EUCALYPTUS; PUCCINIA PSIDII; URUGUAY. |
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Asunto categoría : |
H20 Enfermedades de las plantas |
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Marc : |
LEADER 02500naa a2200301 a 4500
001 1028925
005 2019-09-20
008 2013 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
022 $a0169-4286
024 7 $a10.1007/s11056-012-9314-z$2DOI
100 1 $aBALMELLI, G.
245 $aLong term losses caused by foliar diseases on growth and survival of Eucalyptus globulus in Uruguay.
260 $c2013
500 $aHistory article: Received: 17 May 2011; Accepted: 10 February 2012; Published online: 24 February 2012.
520 $aEucalyptus globulus is the most important forest species in Uruguay, with more than 250,000 ha of commercial plantations. Despite its high susceptibility to diseases, production losses caused by foliar diseases have not been properly quantified in this country. This study analyzes the effects of foliar damage on growth and survival using data from a progeny test of E. globulus naturally infected by Teratosphaeria leaf disease and eucalypt rust (Puccinia psidii). The severity of leaf spots and defoliation were quantified 8 months after planting and tree growth and mortality were evaluated 2, 4 and 6 years later. The trial had a high incidence of foliar damage, with a mean leaf spot severity of 28.7% and a mean defoliation of 37%. The greatest impact of foliar damage, both on growth rate and mortality, occurred in the first 2 years after damage was assessed. During this period, leaf spot severity less than 40% and defoliation below 50% did not affect growth, while survival was affected when leaf damage was 70% or greater. By the sixth year both stem growth and survival were affected by severe foliar damage (spotting or defoliation of 80% or more), with a loss of up to 25% in diameter and an accumulated mortality over 70%. It has been established for the first time that under the intensive Uruguayan productive conditions, E. globulus trees can tolerate a relatively high degree of leaf spotting or defoliation but severe foliar damage in the first months can cause considerable production losses, putting at risk the economical viability of this species.
650 $aENFERMEDADES DE LAS PLANTAS
650 $aEUCALYPTUS
650 $aPUCCINIA PSIDII
650 $aURUGUAY
653 $aDISEASE SEVERITY
653 $aFOLIAR DISEASES
653 $aGROWTH RESPONSE
653 $aTERATOSPHAERIA SPP
700 1 $aSIMETO, S.
700 1 $aALTIER, N.
700 1 $aMARRONI, V.
700 1 $aDIEZ, J.J.
773 $tNew Forests, 2013$gv. 44, no.2, p. 249-263.
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