|
|
Registro completo
|
Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA La Estanzuela. |
Fecha : |
21/08/2019 |
Actualizado : |
27/01/2021 |
Autor : |
CIPRIOTTI, P.; AGUIAR, M.; WIEGAND, T.; PARUELO, J. M. |
Título : |
Combined effects of grazing management and climate on semi-arid steppes: hysteresis dynamics prevent recovery of degraded rangelands. |
Fecha de publicación : |
2019 |
Fuente / Imprenta : |
Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019. |
DOI : |
10.1111/1365-2664.13471 |
Idioma : |
Inglés |
Notas : |
Article history: Received:10 October 2018/Accepted:28 June 2019. |
Contenido : |
ABSTRACTS:
1.Livestock grazing has degraded many arid and semi-arid rangelands around the world, and the drier climate predicted by climate change scenarios may amplify these effects and even lead to catastrophic vegetation shifts.2. We assess the long-term effects (1900-2100) of grazing and rainfall on various aspects of vegetation structure including the grass-shrub balance, the maintenance of spatial vegetation patterns, and the decline or recovery of palatable grasses (e.g., Poa ligularis) on a cover and/or density basis. We used the eco-hydrological and individual-based simulation model DINVEG for this purpose, which describes the spatiotemporal dynamics of Patagonian grass shrub steppes based on six decades of field research (1955-2018). 3. Rainfall and grazing affected the simulated vegetation structure in different ways. Total plant cover was mostly influenced by rainfall, but the cover of palatable grasses was mostly influenced by stocking rate. Dry conditions and low stocking rates (122 mm/yr and < 0.2 sheep·ha-1) favoured grasses over shrubs, whereas shrub encroachment occurred only in the high rainfall scenario combined with high stocking rates (181 mm/yr and > 0.2 sheep·ha-1). 4. High stocking rates and/or drier conditions caused only gradual shifts in spatial vegetation patterns, but maintained the observed positive association for grasses around shrubs. In contrast, shrub encroachment was associated with repulsion between grasses and shrubs and the formation of shrub clusters into a matrix of scattered less palatable grasses. 5. Plant compositional changes occurred through grass species replacement (e.g., P. ligularis is replaced by Pappostipa humilis) and the associated hysteresis effect of palatable grass species: model simulations suggest that 2-3 decades of heavy and year-long continuous grazing can drive palatable grasses to close to extinction, whereas natural recovery of degraded steppes may take 100 years or longer. 6. Synthesis and applications. Desertification and climate change challenge grazing management in semi-arid rangelands, especially in already degraded ecosystems. Management that alternates between years of grazing and resting was effective to maintain the cover of palatable grasses, but this allowed for only very slow recovery of degraded steppes. While drier climate and grazing may not change the overall spatial patterns of vegetation, our results are rather pessimistic regarding the short-term recovery of palatable grasses. This will require increasing complexity in ecosystem restoration efforts, combined with interventions such as sowing, watering, reseeding or major changes in land use. MenosABSTRACTS:
1.Livestock grazing has degraded many arid and semi-arid rangelands around the world, and the drier climate predicted by climate change scenarios may amplify these effects and even lead to catastrophic vegetation shifts.2. We assess the long-term effects (1900-2100) of grazing and rainfall on various aspects of vegetation structure including the grass-shrub balance, the maintenance of spatial vegetation patterns, and the decline or recovery of palatable grasses (e.g., Poa ligularis) on a cover and/or density basis. We used the eco-hydrological and individual-based simulation model DINVEG for this purpose, which describes the spatiotemporal dynamics of Patagonian grass shrub steppes based on six decades of field research (1955-2018). 3. Rainfall and grazing affected the simulated vegetation structure in different ways. Total plant cover was mostly influenced by rainfall, but the cover of palatable grasses was mostly influenced by stocking rate. Dry conditions and low stocking rates (122 mm/yr and < 0.2 sheep·ha-1) favoured grasses over shrubs, whereas shrub encroachment occurred only in the high rainfall scenario combined with high stocking rates (181 mm/yr and > 0.2 sheep·ha-1). 4. High stocking rates and/or drier conditions caused only gradual shifts in spatial vegetation patterns, but maintained the observed positive association for grasses around shrubs. In contrast, shrub encroachment was associated with repulsion between grasses and shrubs and the formation ... Presentar Todo |
Palabras claves : |
CARGA GANADERA; COEXISTENCIA PASTOS-ARBUSTOS; DESERTIFICATION; ECOSYSTEM RESTORATION; GRASS-SHRUB COEXISTENCE; HYSTERESIS; MOSAICOS DE VEGETACIÓN; PASTOREO OVINO; RESTAURACIÓN DE ECOSISTEMAS; SHEEP GRAZING; SIMULATION MODELLING. |
Thesagro : |
DESERTIFICACION. |
Asunto categoría : |
-- |
Marc : |
LEADER 03732naa a2200325 a 4500 001 1060044 005 2021-01-27 008 2019 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d 024 7 $a10.1111/1365-2664.13471$2DOI 100 1 $aCIPRIOTTI, P. 245 $aCombined effects of grazing management and climate on semi-arid steppes$bhysteresis dynamics prevent recovery of degraded rangelands.$h[electronic resource] 260 $c2019 500 $aArticle history: Received:10 October 2018/Accepted:28 June 2019. 520 $aABSTRACTS: 1.Livestock grazing has degraded many arid and semi-arid rangelands around the world, and the drier climate predicted by climate change scenarios may amplify these effects and even lead to catastrophic vegetation shifts.2. We assess the long-term effects (1900-2100) of grazing and rainfall on various aspects of vegetation structure including the grass-shrub balance, the maintenance of spatial vegetation patterns, and the decline or recovery of palatable grasses (e.g., Poa ligularis) on a cover and/or density basis. We used the eco-hydrological and individual-based simulation model DINVEG for this purpose, which describes the spatiotemporal dynamics of Patagonian grass shrub steppes based on six decades of field research (1955-2018). 3. Rainfall and grazing affected the simulated vegetation structure in different ways. Total plant cover was mostly influenced by rainfall, but the cover of palatable grasses was mostly influenced by stocking rate. Dry conditions and low stocking rates (122 mm/yr and < 0.2 sheep·ha-1) favoured grasses over shrubs, whereas shrub encroachment occurred only in the high rainfall scenario combined with high stocking rates (181 mm/yr and > 0.2 sheep·ha-1). 4. High stocking rates and/or drier conditions caused only gradual shifts in spatial vegetation patterns, but maintained the observed positive association for grasses around shrubs. In contrast, shrub encroachment was associated with repulsion between grasses and shrubs and the formation of shrub clusters into a matrix of scattered less palatable grasses. 5. Plant compositional changes occurred through grass species replacement (e.g., P. ligularis is replaced by Pappostipa humilis) and the associated hysteresis effect of palatable grass species: model simulations suggest that 2-3 decades of heavy and year-long continuous grazing can drive palatable grasses to close to extinction, whereas natural recovery of degraded steppes may take 100 years or longer. 6. Synthesis and applications. Desertification and climate change challenge grazing management in semi-arid rangelands, especially in already degraded ecosystems. Management that alternates between years of grazing and resting was effective to maintain the cover of palatable grasses, but this allowed for only very slow recovery of degraded steppes. While drier climate and grazing may not change the overall spatial patterns of vegetation, our results are rather pessimistic regarding the short-term recovery of palatable grasses. This will require increasing complexity in ecosystem restoration efforts, combined with interventions such as sowing, watering, reseeding or major changes in land use. 650 $aDESERTIFICACION 653 $aCARGA GANADERA 653 $aCOEXISTENCIA PASTOS-ARBUSTOS 653 $aDESERTIFICATION 653 $aECOSYSTEM RESTORATION 653 $aGRASS-SHRUB COEXISTENCE 653 $aHYSTERESIS 653 $aMOSAICOS DE VEGETACIÓN 653 $aPASTOREO OVINO 653 $aRESTAURACIÓN DE ECOSISTEMAS 653 $aSHEEP GRAZING 653 $aSIMULATION MODELLING 700 1 $aAGUIAR, M. 700 1 $aWIEGAND, T. 700 1 $aPARUELO, J. M. 773 $tJournal of Applied Ecology, 2019.
Descargar
Esconder MarcPresentar Marc Completo |
Registro original : |
INIA La Estanzuela (LE) |
|
Biblioteca
|
Identificación
|
Origen
|
Tipo / Formato
|
Clasificación
|
Cutter
|
Registro
|
Volumen
|
Estado
|
Volver
|
|
Registros recuperados : 76 | |
8. | | PARUELO, J.; SIERRA, M. Sustainable intensification and ecosystem services: how to connect them in agricultural systems of southern South America. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 2023, volume 13, issue 1, pp. 198-206. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13412-022-00791-9 Article history: Accepted 01 August 2022; Published 18 August 2022. Corresponding author: José M. Paruelo, Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, INIA,
Colonia, Uruguay, e-mail: jparuelo@inia.org.uy --Tipo: Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales | Circulación / Nivel : Internacional - -- |
Biblioteca(s): INIA Las Brujas. |
| |
12. | | LEZAMA, F.; ALTESOR, A.; PARUELO, J. Caracterización de comunidades de campo natural de la Región de Sierras del Este In: INIA TREINTA Y TRES. Jornada de divulgación de Producción Animal - Pasturas Treinta y Tres (Uruguay): INIA, 2009 p. 1-6 (INIA Serie Actividades de Difusión ; 591) Programa Nacional Pasturas y Forrajes: Ing. Agr., PhD. Walter Ayala, Director de Programa, Ing. Agr., MPhil. Raúl Bermúdez, Ing. Agr., MSc. Virginia Pravia, Lic., MSc. Felipe Lezama, Téc. en Sistemas Intensivos de Prod.Animal Ethel...Tipo: Actividades de Difusión |
Biblioteca(s): INIA Las Brujas; INIA Tacuarembó. |
| |
Registros recuperados : 76 | |
|
Expresión de búsqueda válido. Check! |
|
|