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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Tacuarembó. |
Fecha : |
21/02/2014 |
Actualizado : |
03/10/2017 |
Autor : |
CUBBAGE, F.; MCGINLEY, K. |
Afiliación : |
FREDERICK CUBBAGE, North Carolina State University.; KATHLEEN MCGINLEY, North Carolina State University. |
Título : |
Public Forestry Programs and Forest Certification in South America: State and Private Mechanisms for Forest Management and Conservation. [Resumen]. |
Fecha de publicación : |
2005 |
Fuente / Imprenta : |
In: SOFEW Conference Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA, April 18-20, 2005. |
Idioma : |
Inglés |
Contenido : |
State versus private mechanisms for forest management and conservation has been an enduring contemporary theme. This issue is particularly important in developed and developing countries in Latin America, where the percentage of forest certified is small, but increasing, and the strength of public forestry agencies is weak, but provide coverage for all forests. The relevance of this issue has increased as forest certification systems have developed in the 2000s in Latin America, providing an extremely visible non-state governance approach for conservation. However, the extent of forest certification in Latin America is modest, particularly compared to the extensive coverage in the Northern Hemisphere. This paper will provide a survey of forests, forestry laws, and public agencies in South America, and assess the effectiveness of the public sector in implementing forest management, conservation, and protection measures. Similarly, the paper will describe the current forest certification efforts in South America, including the content and adoption of the world-wide Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) system, Brazilian Certificação Forestal (Cerflor), and Chilean Certificación Forestal (Certfor) systems. The relative merits of the public and private approaches for forest conservation will be discussed; the opportunities for interactions and synergy among public and private systems analyzed; and the prospects for future developments assessed; and needs for
subsequent research identified. MenosState versus private mechanisms for forest management and conservation has been an enduring contemporary theme. This issue is particularly important in developed and developing countries in Latin America, where the percentage of forest certified is small, but increasing, and the strength of public forestry agencies is weak, but provide coverage for all forests. The relevance of this issue has increased as forest certification systems have developed in the 2000s in Latin America, providing an extremely visible non-state governance approach for conservation. However, the extent of forest certification in Latin America is modest, particularly compared to the extensive coverage in the Northern Hemisphere. This paper will provide a survey of forests, forestry laws, and public agencies in South America, and assess the effectiveness of the public sector in implementing forest management, conservation, and protection measures. Similarly, the paper will describe the current forest certification efforts in South America, including the content and adoption of the world-wide Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) system, Brazilian Certificação Forestal (Cerflor), and Chilean Certificación Forestal (Certfor) systems. The relative merits of the public and private approaches for forest conservation will be discussed; the opportunities for interactions and synergy among public and private systems analyzed; and the prospects for future developments assessed; and needs for
subsequent research ident... Presentar Todo |
Palabras claves : |
AMÉRICA LATINA; BOSQUES FORESTALES; CONSERVACIÓN; DESARROLLO TERRITORIAL; FOREST CERTIFICATION; FORESTS AND FORESTRY; LEYES; POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS; PROTECCIÓN FORESTAL. |
Thesagro : |
FORESTACIÓN. |
Asunto categoría : |
K10 Producción forestal |
Marc : |
LEADER 02310nam a2200241 a 4500 001 1015602 005 2017-10-03 008 2005 bl uuuu u01u1 u #d 100 1 $aCUBBAGE, F. 245 $aPublic Forestry Programs and Forest Certification in South America$bState and Private Mechanisms for Forest Management and Conservation. [Resumen].$h[electronic resource] 260 $aIn: SOFEW Conference Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA, April 18-20$c2005 520 $aState versus private mechanisms for forest management and conservation has been an enduring contemporary theme. This issue is particularly important in developed and developing countries in Latin America, where the percentage of forest certified is small, but increasing, and the strength of public forestry agencies is weak, but provide coverage for all forests. The relevance of this issue has increased as forest certification systems have developed in the 2000s in Latin America, providing an extremely visible non-state governance approach for conservation. However, the extent of forest certification in Latin America is modest, particularly compared to the extensive coverage in the Northern Hemisphere. This paper will provide a survey of forests, forestry laws, and public agencies in South America, and assess the effectiveness of the public sector in implementing forest management, conservation, and protection measures. Similarly, the paper will describe the current forest certification efforts in South America, including the content and adoption of the world-wide Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) system, Brazilian Certificação Forestal (Cerflor), and Chilean Certificación Forestal (Certfor) systems. The relative merits of the public and private approaches for forest conservation will be discussed; the opportunities for interactions and synergy among public and private systems analyzed; and the prospects for future developments assessed; and needs for subsequent research identified. 650 $aFORESTACIÓN 653 $aAMÉRICA LATINA 653 $aBOSQUES FORESTALES 653 $aCONSERVACIÓN 653 $aDESARROLLO TERRITORIAL 653 $aFOREST CERTIFICATION 653 $aFORESTS AND FORESTRY 653 $aLEYES 653 $aPOLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS 653 $aPROTECCIÓN FORESTAL 700 1 $aMCGINLEY, K.
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Registro original : |
INIA Tacuarembó (TBO) |
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Biblioteca (s) : |
INIA Las Brujas; INIA Tacuarembó. |
Fecha actual : |
04/02/2020 |
Actualizado : |
11/08/2020 |
Tipo de producción científica : |
Artículos en Revistas Indexadas Internacionales |
Circulación / Nivel : |
Internacional - -- |
Autor : |
SILVEIRA, C.S.; ARMENDANO, J.I.; MOORE, D.P.; CANTÓN, G.J.; MACÍAS-RIOSECO, M.; RIET-CORREA, F.; GIANNITTI, F. |
Afiliación : |
CAROLINE DA SILVA SILVEIRA, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; JOAQUÍN IGNACIO ARMENDANO, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina; DADÍN PRANDO MOORE, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; GERMÁN JOSÉ CANTÓN, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce, Buenos Aires, Argentina; MELISSA MACÍAS RIOSECO, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; FRANKLIN RIET-CORREA AMARAL, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; FEDERICO GIANNITTI, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay. |
Título : |
A comparative study of commercial ELISAs for antibody detection in the diagnostic investigation of Neospora caninum-associated abortion in dairy cattle herds in Uruguay. [Comparación de ELISAs comerciales para la detección de anticuerpos en la investigación diagnóstica del aborto asociado a Neospora caninum en rodeos lecheros de Uruguay]. |
Fecha de publicación : |
2020 |
Fuente / Imprenta : |
Revista Argentina de Microbiología, April - June 2020, Volume 52, Issue 2, Pages 107-114. OPEN ACCESS. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2019.06.004 |
ISSN : |
0325-7541 |
DOI : |
10.1016/j.ram.2019.06.004 |
Idioma : |
Inglés |
Notas : |
Article history: Recibido 01 marzo 2019. / Aceptado 24 junio 2019. / Disponible online 28 de Noviembre de 2019.
Corresponding author: da Silva Silveira, C.; Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay; email:carolsilveira7@hotmail.com
Los autores agradecen a los veterinarios que enviaron las muestras de suero e información adicional de los rodeos estudiados al laboratorio de la Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal de INIA La Estanzuela. |
Contenido : |
ABSTRACT.
Bovine abortion causes considerable economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide and is of concern for public health and food safety, given that many abortigenic infectious agents of cattle are zoonotic. Despite its importance, the etiological diagnosis of abortion in cattle is challenging both for veterinary practitioners and laboratory technicians, partly due to the difficulty in recovering aborted fetuses under extensive field conditions for pathological and microbiological diagnostic investigation, and in the early identification of aborted dams. Neospora caninum is a cosmopolitan protozoon identified as one of the main abortigenic agents in cattle worldwide. In this study we propose a comparative seroepidemiological approach for the diagnosis of abortion by N. caninum in dairy cattle. Samples from 12 to 93 cows/heifers with and without recent history of abortion (cases and controls) in four commercial dairy farms were tested. The ratio of controls to the cases tested varied from 1:1 to 4.6:1. All samples (n = 230) were analyzed by three commercial ELISA kits for the detection of anti-N. caninum antibodies. In all four dairy farms, the proportion of seropositive cows and/or heifers per kit was significantly higher in the cases than in the controls (Odds Ratios = 5.13 to 36, p = 0.0002 to 0.0485). The agreement among the three kits varied from weak to strong (Cohe?s kappa coefficients = 0.58 to 0.83). We conclude that, despite the imperfect agreement between these kits, all of them allowed to arrive at similar conclusions regarding the statistical association between N. caninum seropositivity and abortion, thus representing a useful tool for the diagnostic approach at the population level under field conditions.
© 2019 Asociación Argentina de Microbiología
RESUMEN.
A pesar de su importancia, el diagnóstico etiológico del aborto en bovinos representa un desafío técnico para los veterinarios clínicos y laboratoristas, en parte debido a la dificultad de recuperar los fetos abortados en condiciones extensivas de campo. Dicha dificultad limita la posibilidad de detectar tempranamente los vientres abortados y de efectuar la investigación patológica y microbiológica de los abortos. Neospora caninum es un protozoario cosmopolita identificado como uno de los principales agentes abortigénicos en bovinos. En este estudio proponemos una aproximación seroepidemiológica para diagnosticar abortos por N. caninum en bovinos lecheros usando kits de ELISA comerciales. Se procesaron muestras de entre 12 y 93 vacas y/o vaquillonas con (casos) y sin (controles) historia reciente de aborto en 4 tambos comerciales de Uruguay. La proporción controles:casos analizados varió entre 1:1 y 4,6:1. Las muestras (n=230) fueron analizadas mediante 3 kits comerciales para la detección de anticuerpos IgG anti-N. caninum. En los 4 tambos la proporción de vacas y/o vaquillonas seropositivas por cualquier kit fue significativamente mayor en los casos respecto de los controles (odds ratio=5,13 a 36; p=0,0002 a 0,0485). La concordancia entre los kits varió de débil a fuerte (coeficiente Kappa de Cohen=0,58 a 0,83). Concluimos que, a pesar de la imperfecta concordancia entre estos kits, el empleo de todos ellos permitió arribar a conclusiones similares respecto de la asociación estadísticamente significativa entre seropositividad a N. caninum y aborto, lo que demuestra la utilidad de estos kits para la aproximación diagnóstica del aborto a nivel poblacional en condiciones de campo. MenosABSTRACT.
Bovine abortion causes considerable economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide and is of concern for public health and food safety, given that many abortigenic infectious agents of cattle are zoonotic. Despite its importance, the etiological diagnosis of abortion in cattle is challenging both for veterinary practitioners and laboratory technicians, partly due to the difficulty in recovering aborted fetuses under extensive field conditions for pathological and microbiological diagnostic investigation, and in the early identification of aborted dams. Neospora caninum is a cosmopolitan protozoon identified as one of the main abortigenic agents in cattle worldwide. In this study we propose a comparative seroepidemiological approach for the diagnosis of abortion by N. caninum in dairy cattle. Samples from 12 to 93 cows/heifers with and without recent history of abortion (cases and controls) in four commercial dairy farms were tested. The ratio of controls to the cases tested varied from 1:1 to 4.6:1. All samples (n = 230) were analyzed by three commercial ELISA kits for the detection of anti-N. caninum antibodies. In all four dairy farms, the proportion of seropositive cows and/or heifers per kit was significantly higher in the cases than in the controls (Odds Ratios = 5.13 to 36, p = 0.0002 to 0.0485). The agreement among the three kits varied from weak to strong (Cohe?s kappa coefficients = 0.58 to 0.83). We conclude that, despite the imperfect agreement betw... Presentar Todo |
Palabras claves : |
Cohe?s Kappa coefficient; Neospora caninum; PLATAFORMA SALUD ANIMAL; SEROLOGÍA. |
Thesagro : |
ABORT; BOVINOS; ELISA; EPIDEMIOLOGIA. |
Asunto categoría : |
L72 Plagas de los animales |
URL : |
https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-revista-argentina-microbiologia-372-pdf-S0325754119300835
|
Marc : |
LEADER 05374naa a2200325 a 4500 001 1060678 005 2020-08-11 008 2020 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d 022 $a0325-7541 024 7 $a10.1016/j.ram.2019.06.004$2DOI 100 1 $aSILVEIRA, C.S. 245 $aA comparative study of commercial ELISAs for antibody detection in the diagnostic investigation of Neospora caninum-associated abortion in dairy cattle herds in Uruguay. [Comparación de ELISAs comerciales para la detección de anticuerpos en la investigación diagnóstica del aborto asociado a Neospora caninum en rodeos lecheros de Uruguay].$h[electronic resource] 260 $c2020 500 $aArticle history: Recibido 01 marzo 2019. / Aceptado 24 junio 2019. / Disponible online 28 de Noviembre de 2019. Corresponding author: da Silva Silveira, C.; Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal, Estación Experimental La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay; email:carolsilveira7@hotmail.com Los autores agradecen a los veterinarios que enviaron las muestras de suero e información adicional de los rodeos estudiados al laboratorio de la Plataforma de Investigación en Salud Animal de INIA La Estanzuela. 520 $aABSTRACT. Bovine abortion causes considerable economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide and is of concern for public health and food safety, given that many abortigenic infectious agents of cattle are zoonotic. Despite its importance, the etiological diagnosis of abortion in cattle is challenging both for veterinary practitioners and laboratory technicians, partly due to the difficulty in recovering aborted fetuses under extensive field conditions for pathological and microbiological diagnostic investigation, and in the early identification of aborted dams. Neospora caninum is a cosmopolitan protozoon identified as one of the main abortigenic agents in cattle worldwide. In this study we propose a comparative seroepidemiological approach for the diagnosis of abortion by N. caninum in dairy cattle. Samples from 12 to 93 cows/heifers with and without recent history of abortion (cases and controls) in four commercial dairy farms were tested. The ratio of controls to the cases tested varied from 1:1 to 4.6:1. All samples (n = 230) were analyzed by three commercial ELISA kits for the detection of anti-N. caninum antibodies. In all four dairy farms, the proportion of seropositive cows and/or heifers per kit was significantly higher in the cases than in the controls (Odds Ratios = 5.13 to 36, p = 0.0002 to 0.0485). The agreement among the three kits varied from weak to strong (Cohe?s kappa coefficients = 0.58 to 0.83). We conclude that, despite the imperfect agreement between these kits, all of them allowed to arrive at similar conclusions regarding the statistical association between N. caninum seropositivity and abortion, thus representing a useful tool for the diagnostic approach at the population level under field conditions. © 2019 Asociación Argentina de Microbiología RESUMEN. A pesar de su importancia, el diagnóstico etiológico del aborto en bovinos representa un desafío técnico para los veterinarios clínicos y laboratoristas, en parte debido a la dificultad de recuperar los fetos abortados en condiciones extensivas de campo. Dicha dificultad limita la posibilidad de detectar tempranamente los vientres abortados y de efectuar la investigación patológica y microbiológica de los abortos. Neospora caninum es un protozoario cosmopolita identificado como uno de los principales agentes abortigénicos en bovinos. En este estudio proponemos una aproximación seroepidemiológica para diagnosticar abortos por N. caninum en bovinos lecheros usando kits de ELISA comerciales. Se procesaron muestras de entre 12 y 93 vacas y/o vaquillonas con (casos) y sin (controles) historia reciente de aborto en 4 tambos comerciales de Uruguay. La proporción controles:casos analizados varió entre 1:1 y 4,6:1. Las muestras (n=230) fueron analizadas mediante 3 kits comerciales para la detección de anticuerpos IgG anti-N. caninum. En los 4 tambos la proporción de vacas y/o vaquillonas seropositivas por cualquier kit fue significativamente mayor en los casos respecto de los controles (odds ratio=5,13 a 36; p=0,0002 a 0,0485). La concordancia entre los kits varió de débil a fuerte (coeficiente Kappa de Cohen=0,58 a 0,83). Concluimos que, a pesar de la imperfecta concordancia entre estos kits, el empleo de todos ellos permitió arribar a conclusiones similares respecto de la asociación estadísticamente significativa entre seropositividad a N. caninum y aborto, lo que demuestra la utilidad de estos kits para la aproximación diagnóstica del aborto a nivel poblacional en condiciones de campo. 650 $aABORT 650 $aBOVINOS 650 $aELISA 650 $aEPIDEMIOLOGIA 653 $aCohe?s Kappa coefficient 653 $aNeospora caninum 653 $aPLATAFORMA SALUD ANIMAL 653 $aSEROLOGÍA 700 1 $aARMENDANO, J.I. 700 1 $aMOORE, D.P. 700 1 $aCANTÓN, G.J. 700 1 $aMACÍAS-RIOSECO, M. 700 1 $aRIET-CORREA, F. 700 1 $aGIANNITTI, F. 773 $tRevista Argentina de Microbiología, April - June 2020, Volume 52, Issue 2, Pages 107-114. OPEN ACCESS. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2019.06.004
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