04142naa a2200301 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006002400260007410000150010024501470011526000090026250010620027152021490133365300630348265300140354565300170355965300220357665300240359865300340362265300190365665300190367570000220369470000130371670000170372970000180374677300760376410644462024-01-30       2023    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a1051-07617 a10.1002/eap.29332DOI1 aALDABE, J.  aBird species responses to rangeland management in relation to their traitsbRio de la Plata Grasslands as a case study.h[electronic resource]  c2023  aArticle history: Manuscript received: 25 April 2023; Manuscript revised: 31 August 2023; Manuscript accepted: 04 October 2023; Accepted manuscript online: 20 November 2023; Version of Record online: 20 December 2023. -- Correspondence: Aldabe, J.; Departamento de Sistemas Agrarios y Paisajes Culturales, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Rocha, Uruguay; email:joaquin.aldabe@gmail.com -- Funding: This paper was developed in the context of J. Aldabe PhD at Ciencias Agrarias Postgraduate Program, Agronomy Faculty, Universidad de la República. TML was supported by a Juan de la Cierva Incorporación Fellowship (IJC2020-043765-I) funded by the Spanish Ministery of Science. Funding: International Programs, United States Forest Service and the Neotropical Migratory Bird Conservation Act, United States Fish and Wildlife Service and Fontagro Project. -- Research funding: Fontagro Program, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, International Programs US Forest Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. --  aABSTRACT.- Areas used for livestock production and dominated by native grasses represent a unique opportunity to reconcile biodiversity conservation and livestock production. However, limited knowledge of individual species' responses to rangeland management restricts our capacity to design grazing practices that favor endangered species and other priority birds. In this work, we applied Hierarchical Modelling of Species Communities (HMSC) to study individual species responses, as well as the influence of traits on such responses, to variables related to rangeland management using birds of the Rio de la Plata Grasslands as a case study. Based on presence-absence data collected in 454 paddocks across 46 ranches we inferred the response of 69 species considering imperfect detection. This degree of detail fills a major gap in rangeland management, as species-level responses can be used to achieve targeted conservation goals other than maximizing richness or abundance. We found that artificial pastures had an overall negative impact on many bird species, whereas the presence of tussocks had a positive effect, including all threatened species. Grassland specialists were in general sensitive to grass height and tended to respond positively to tussocks but negatively to tree cover. Controlling grass height via adjustments in stocking rate can be a useful tool to favor grassland specialists. To favor a wide range of bird species in ranches, a mosaic of short and tall native grasslands with patches of tussocks and trees is desirable. We also found that species-specific responses were modulated by their traits: small-sized birds responded positively to tussocks and tree cover while large species responded negatively to increasing grass height. Ground foragers preferred short grass while birds that scarcely use this stratum were not affected by grass height. Results on the influence of traits on bird responses are an important novelty in relation to previous work in rangelands and potentially increase our predicting capacity and model transferability across grassland regions. © 2023 The Ecological Society of America.  aÁREA DE RECURSOS NATURALES, PRODUCCIÓN Y AMBIENTE - INIA  aBody size  aConservation  aForaging behavior  aImperfect detection  aMultispecies occupancy models  aNative grasses  aTarget species1 aMORÁN-LÓPEZ, T.1 aSOCA, P.1 aBLUMETTO, O.1 aMORALES, J.M.  tEcological Applications, 2023, ee2933. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2933