03737naa a2200457 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006002400330007410000150010724501030012226000090022550006040023452017970083865300190263565300280265465300270268265300260270965300300273570000260276570000160279170000150280770000170282270000160283970000290285570000200288470000140290470000140291870000190293270000230295170000200297470000250299470000200301970000260303970000220306570000170308770000170310470000170312170000130313877301280315110635812022-09-27       2022    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a1708-30877 a10.5751/ES-13066-2702272DOI1 aZARBÁ, L.  aMapping and characterizing social-ecological land systems of South America.h[electronic resource]  c2022  aArticle: Gold Open Access, Green Open Access. -- Erratum: On 6 June 2022 the abstract was edited. See online for more detail: https://ecologyandsociety.org/vol27/iss2/art27/#dataarchive_stmt -- LICENSE: Published under license by The Resilience Alliance. This article is under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. You may share and adapt the work provided the original author and source are credited, you indicate whether any changes were made, and you include a link to the license. -- Article metrics: https://plu.mx/plum/a/?doi=10.5751/ES-13066-270227&theme=plum-bigben-theme  aABSTRACT.- Humans place strong pressure on land and have modified around 75% of Earth's terrestrial surface. In this context, ecoregions and biomes, merely defined on the basis of their biophysical features, are incomplete characterizations of the territory. Land system science requires classification schemes that incorporate both social and biophysical dimensions. In this study, we generated spatially explicit social-ecological land system (SELS) typologies for South America with a hybrid methodology that combined data-driven spatial analysis with a knowledge-based evaluation by an interdisciplinary group of regional specialists. Our approach embraced a holistic consideration of the social-ecological land systems, gathering a dataset of 26 variables spanning across 7 dimensions: physical, biological, land cover, economic, demographic, political, and cultural. We identified 13 SELS nested in 5 larger social-ecological regions (SER). Each SELS was discussed and described by specific groups of specialists. Although 4 environmental and 1 socioeconomic variable explained most of the distribution of the coarse SER classification, a diversity of 15 other variables were shown to be essential for defining several SELS, highlighting specific features that differentiate them. The SELS spatial classification presented is a systematic and operative characterization of South American social-ecological land systems. We propose its use can contribute as a reference framework for a wide range of applications such as analyzing observations within larger contexts, designing system-specific solutions for sustainable development, and structuring hypothesis testing and comparisons across space. Similar efforts could be done elsewhere in the world. Copyright © 2022 by the author(s).  aAutomatization  aHierarchical clustering  aMultidisciplinary data  aParticipatory mapping  aSocial-ecological mapping1 aPIQUER-RODRÍGUEZ, M.1 aBOILLAT, S.1 aLEVERS, C.1 aGASPARRI, I.1 aAIDE, T. M.1 aÁLVAREZ-BERRÍOS, N. L.1 aANDERSON, L. O.1 aARAOZ, E.1 aARIMA, E.1 aBATISTELLA, M.1 aCALDERÓN-LOOR, M.1 aECHEVERRÍA, C.1 aGONZALEZ-ROGLICH, M.1 aJOBBÁGY, E. G.1 aMATHEZ-STIEFEL, S.-L.1 aRAMIREZ-REYES, C-1 aPACHECHO, A.1 aVALLEJOS, M.1 aYOUNG, K. R.1 aGRAU, R.  tEcology and Society, 2022, Volume 27, Issue 2, Article number 27. OPEN ACCESS. doi: https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-13066-270227