02446naa a2200289 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400350006010000160009524501120011126000090022330000100023250001500024252014530039265300200184565300090186565300270187465300180190165300140191970000130193370000150194670000160196170000160197770000320199370000210202577301100204610617572021-02-24       2021    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 a10.1016/j.fcr.2021.1080972DOI1 aTSENG, M.C.  aField-level factors for closing yield gaps in high-yielding rice systems of Uruguay.h[electronic resource]  c2021  a12 p.  aArticle history: Received 9 April 2020 / Received in revised form 12 January 2021 / Accepted 5 February 2021 / Available online 24 February 2021.  aAbstract: Yield gap assessments at the field-level are key for developing management practices to increase crop production in a sustainable manner. Although rice is an important food crop worldwide, yield gaps remain less investigated in Latin American rice systems. In this study, we evaluated field-level factors for closing yield gaps (based on attainable farm yield, defined as the mean of top 10 % of farmers) for rice production in Uruguay using crop management and yield records from 2012 to 2017, covering approximately 70,000 ha per year (40 % of total rice area). The mean annual attainable yield gap ranged from 16 % to 22 % in fields with non-hybrid cultivars (90 % of planted area) and from 14 % to 22 % in fields with hybrid rice (10 % of planted area). Early seeding was identified as the most influential factor for reducing yield gaps in both systems, followed by N rate. Stand establishment was also important for closing yield gap in non-hybrid fields, while rotation with improved pasture was important in hybrid fields. When variables were categorized as input-related, manageable, or nonmanageable, on average manageable factors (e.g. early planting and stand stablishment) were more important than input-related factors (e.g. seed or fertilizer rate). This study highlights a simple, self-contained method using large field-level datasets to quantify yield gaps and develop strategies for improving agricultural productivity.  aCROP MANAGEMENT  aRICE  aSISTEMA ARROZ-PASTURAS  aSOUTH AMERICA  aYIELD GAP1 aROEL, A.1 aMACEDO, I.1 aMARELLA, M.1 aTERRA, J.A.1 aZORRILLA DE SAN MARTÍN, G.1 aPITTELKOW, C. M.  tField Crops Research, February 2021, vol. 264, no. 108097. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2021.108097