05497naa a2200445 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400360006010000240009624501230012026000090024350008510025252033520110365000210445565000120447665300180448865300200450665300210452665300240454765300110457165300220458265300170460465300210462165300310464265300120467370000190468570000140470470000170471870000160473570000180475170000160476970000130478570000210479870000150481970000150483470000190484970000180486870000200488677301450490610612832022-09-05       2020    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 a10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-65502DOI1 aMACÍAS-RIOSECO, M.  aCauses of abortion in dairy cows in Uruguay. [Causas de aborto em bovinos de leite no Uruguai].h[electronic resource]  c2020  aArticle history: Received on December 3, 2019./Accepted for publication on December 26, 2019.  This research was financially supported by Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación (ANII), grant FSSA_X_2014_1_105696. The authors thank Yisell Perdomo, Cecilia Monesiglio, Anderson Saravia,Bruno Lopez, and all graduate students from the animal health platform at INIA, Jennifer McKenna from UW, Francisco Uzal, Karen Sverlow and Juliann Beingesser from CAHFS-UC Davis for valuable assistance. We are grateful to Luis Corbellini, for his keen and valuable suggestions preparing the manuscript, Ximena Salaberry from the Division de Laboratorios Veterinarios (DILAVE) of the Uruguayan ?Ministerio de Ganadería, Agricultura y Pesca (MGAP),Santiago Mirazo from UdelaR, and Cecilia Nieves and Camila Hamond from the Institut Pasteur, Montevideo.  aAbstract: A case series study was conducted to determine the frequency of causes of abortion in dairy cattle in Uruguay. The sample size of 102 cases was composed of 53 fetuses, 35 fetuses with placentas, and 14 placentas without an associated fetus. All cases underwent gross and microscopic pathologic examinations as well as microbiological and serological testing. The etiology was determined in 54 (53%) of cases, 51 of which were caused by infectious agents. Within the observed 102 cases, 30 (29%) were caused by Neospora caninum, six (6%) by Coxiella burnetii and two (2%) by Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis. Bovine Parainfluenza-3 virus and Salmonella enterica serovar Newport caused one abortion each. Opportunistic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Mannheimia sp., Trueperella pyogenes, and Providencia stuartii) were associated with 11 abortions. In two cases the fetal death was attributed to dystocia, and in one case the fetus had a congenital mesothelioma. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection was identified in three fetuses; two of which were co-infected with and had typical lesions of N. caninum. No lesions were observed in the other fetus infected by BVDV. Leptospira interrogans was identified in one fetus without lesions. Despite the relatively low overall success rate in establishing an etiological diagnosis in cases of abortion in cattle, a systemic workup of bovine abortion is necessary to establish prevention and control strategies. This also facilitates monitoring and surveillance of reproductive diseases in dairy cattle, some of which represent a risk to public health.  Resumo: Uma série de casos foi estudada para determinar a frequência de causas do aborto em bovinos leiteiros no Uruguai. A amostra, de 102 casos, foi composta por 53 fetos, 35 fetos com placentas e 14 placentas sem feto associado. Todos os casos foram submetidos a exames patológicos macroscópicos e microscópicos, além de testes microbiológicos e sorológicos.A etiologia foi determinada em 54 (53%) dos casos, 51 dos quais foram causados por agentes infecciosos. Nos 102 casos observados, 30 (29%) foram causados por Neospora caninum, seis (6%) por Coxiella burnetii e dois (2%) por Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis. O vírus da Parainfluenza-3 e Salmonella enterica serovar Newport causaram um aborto cada. Bactérias oportunistas (Escherichia coli, Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp., Mannheimia sp., Trueperella pyogenes e Providencia stuartii) foram associadas a 11 abortos. Em dois casos, a morte fetal foi atribuída a distocia e, em um caso, o feto apresentava mesotelioma congênito. A infecção pelo vírus da diarreia viral bovina (BVDV) foi identificada em três fetos; dois dos quais foram co-infectados e apresentavam lesões típicas de N. caninum. Não foram observadas lesões no outro feto infectado pelo BVDV. Leptospira interrogans foi identificada em um feto sem lesões. Apesar da relativamente baixa taxa de sucesso no diagnóstico etiológico nos casos de aborto em bovinos, é necessário o diagnóstico sistemático dos abortos para estabelecer estratégias de prevenção e controle. Isso também facilita o monitoramento e a vigilância de doenças reprodutivas em bovinos leiteiros, algumas das quais representam um risco para a saúde pública.  aBOVINOS DE LECHE  aURUGUAY  aABORTO BOVINO  aBOVINE ABORTION  aBOVINOS DE LEITE  aCAMPYLOBACTER FETUS  aCATTLE  aCOXIELLA BURNETII  aDAIRY CATTLE  aNEOSPORA CANINUM  aPLATAFORMA DE SALUD ANIMAL  aURUGUAI1 aSILVEIRA, C.S.1 aFRAGA, M.1 aCASAUX, M.L.1 aCABRERA, A.1 aFRANCIA, M.E.1 aREBOLLO, C.1 aMAYA, L.1 aZARANTONELLI, L.1 aSUANES, A.1 aCOLINA, R.1 aBUSCHIAZZO, A.1 aGIANNITTI, F.1 aRIET-CORREA, F.  tPesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira, 1 May 2020, Volume 40, Issue 5, Pages 325-332. OPEN ACCESS. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6550