02878naa a2200301 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006002400390007410000260011324501300013926000090026950001520027852018430043065300150227365300170228865300120230565300130231765300280233065300160235870000230237470000130239770000190241070000190242970000200244870000170246877300910248510606552020-01-21       2019    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a0041-01017 a10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.09.0162DOI1 aDE CARVALHO NUNES, L.  aClinical and pathological comparison of Astragalus lentiginosus and Ipomoea carnea poisoning in goats.h[electronic resource]  c2019  aArticle history: Received 12 July 2019; Received in revised form 12 September 2019; Accepted 16 September 2019; Available online 19 September 2019.  aABSTRACT. The indolizidine alkaloid swainsonine, found in some Astragalus and Oxytropis (i.e., locoweed) species, is a potent cellular glycosidase inhibitor that often poisons livestock. Other toxic genera such as some Ipomoea species also contain swainsonine as well as calystegines which are similar polyhydroxy alkaloids. The toxicity of calystegines is poorly characterized; however, they are also potent glycoside inhibitors capable of intestinal and cellular glycoside dysfunction. The objective of this study was to directly compare A. lentiginosus and I. carnea poisoning in goats to better characterize the role of the calystegines. Three groups of four goats each were treated with ground alfalfa (control), I. carnea or A. lentiginosus to obtain daily doses of 0.0, 1.5, and 1.5 mg swainsonine/kg bw per day, respectively, for 45 days. Animals were observed daily and weekly body weights, serum enzyme activities, and serum swainsonine concentrations were determined. At day 45 all animals were euthanized and necropsied. Goats treated with A. lentiginosus and I. carnea developed clinical disease characterized by mild intention tremors and proprioceptive deficits. Goats treated with A. lentiginosus developed clinical disease sooner and with greater consistency. No differences in body weight, serum swainsonine concentrations and serum enzyme activity were observed between goats treated with A. lentiginosus and I. carnea. Additionally, there were no differences in the microscopic and histochemical studies of the visceral and neurologic lesions observed between goats treated with A. lentiginosus and I. carnea. These findings suggest that I. carnea-induced clinical signs and lesions are due to swainsonine and that calystegines contribute little or nothing to toxicity in goats in the presence of swainsonine.  © 2019  aAstragalus  aCalystegines  aIpomoea  aLocoweed  aPLATAFORMA SALUD ANIMAL  aSwainsonine1 aSTEGELMEIER, B. L.1 aCOOK, D.1 aPFISTER, J. A.1 aGARDNER, D. R.1 aRIET-CORREA, F.1 aWEICH, K. D.  tToxicon, 5 December, 2019, Volume 171, Pages 20-28. Doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.09.016