03250naa a2200361 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400360006010000190009624501360011526000090025150002460026052018870050665300320239365300230242565300250244865300280247365300180250170000120251970000170253170000150254870000180256370000150258170000190259670000240261570000160263970000170265570000150267270000140268770000200270170000180272177301490273910605122022-09-05       2020    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 a10.1007/s42770-019-00170-72DOI1 aSILVEIRA, C.S.  aDiseases associated with bovine viral diarrhea virus subtypes 1a and 2b in beef and dairy cattle in Uruguay.h[electronic resource]  c2020  aArticle history:Received: 26 February 2019 /Accepted: 3 October 2019. The work was partially funded by INIA?s grant PL015 N-15156. CSS, MLC, CS, DC, VA, RAC, MMR, and MC acknowledge support from ANII and INIA through MSc or PhD scholarships.  aAbstract: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV, Pestivirus) causes significant economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide. Although serological surveys show that BVDV exposure is widespread in cattle in Uruguay, BVDV-associated diseases are greatly underreported. The aim of this work is to describe the epidemiological, clinical, pathological, and virological findings from spontaneous outbreaks of BVDV-associated diseases in cattle in Uruguay. Diagnostic investigations were performed during 6 spontaneous disease outbreaks on beef and dairy cattle farms in the departments of Colonia, Rio Negro, and Soriano between November 2016 and April 2018. Carcasses of 8 naturally deceased cattle from these outbreaks were necropsied and subjected to histological examination and immunohistochemistry to detect BVDV antigen in the tissues. Reverse transcription real-time PCR and genomic sequencing were also performed to identify BVDV at the species and subtype levels. Other ancillary diagnostic tests, including bacterial cultures, were performed on a case-by-case basis to rule in/out differential diagnoses based on initial clinicopathological presumptive diagnoses. BVDV-associated conditions that were diagnosed in the 8 cases included mucosal disease, transient postnatal BVDV infections associated with digestive/septicemic salmonellosis by Salmonella serovar typhimurium, Histophilus somni bronchopneumonia, urinary tract coinfections with Escherichia coli and Streptococcus sp., enteric coinfection with coccidia, and transplacental fetal infections and abortions with Neospora caninum coinfection. BVDV-1a and BVDV-2b were each identified in four of the eight cases. We conclude that BVDV-1a and BVDV-2b contribute significantly to disease and mortality in cattle in Uruguay. Future research should estimate the economic impact of BVDV in the Uruguayan livestock sector.  aBOVINE VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS  aINFECTIOUS DISEASE  aLIVESTOCK PESTIVIRUS  aPLATAFORMA SALUD ANIMAL  aSOUTH AMERICA1 aMAYA,L.1 aCASAUX, M.L.1 aSCHILD, C.1 aCAFFARENA, D.1 aARÁOZ, V.1 aCOSTA, R.A. DA1 aMACÍAS-RIOSECO, M.1 aPERDOMO, Y,1 aCASTELLS, M.1 aCOLINA, R.1 aFRAGA, M.1 aRIET-CORREA, F.1 aGIANNITTI, F.  tBrazilian Journal of Microbiology, 1 March 2020, Volume 51, Issue 1, Pages 357-368. OPEN ACCESS. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42770-019-00170-7