02385naa a2200241 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400410006010000140010124500830011526000090019850000680020752015830027565000100185865000220186865300220189065300250191270000130193770000160195070000160196670000190198277301420200110605112022-09-05       2019    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 a10.3835/plantgenome2019.04.00282DOI1 aBERRO, I.  aTraining population optimization for genomic selection.h[electronic resource]  c2019  aArticle histoty: Received 1 Apr. 2019. /Accepted 23 Sept. 2019.  aABSTRACT :The effectiveness of genomic selection in breeding programs depends on the phenotypic quality and depth, the  prediction model, the number and type of molecular markers, and the size and composition of the training population (TR).  Furthermore, population structure and diversity have a key role in the composition of the optimal training sets. Our goal was  to compare strategies for optimizing the TR for specific testing populations (TE). A total of 1353 wheat (Triticum aestivum  L.) and 644 rice (Oryza sativa  L.) advanced lines were evaluated for grain yield in multiple environments. Several within-TR optimization  strategies were compared to identify groups of individuals with increased predictive ability. Additionally, optimization strategies  to choose individuals from the TR with higher predictive ability for a specific TE were compared. There is a benefit in considering  both the population structure and the relationship between the TR and the TE when designing an optimal TR for genomic  selection. A weighted relationship matrix with stratified sampling is the best strategy for forward predictions of quantitative traits in  populations several generations apart. Genomic selection  (GS) consists of selecting individuals from a TE on the basis of genotypic values predicted from their genome-wide molecular marker scores and a statistical model adjusted with individuals that have phenotypic and genotypic information (Meuwissen et al., 2001). The group of individuals that were phenotyped and genotyped is called the TR (Heffner et al. 2009).  aTRIGO  aTRITICUM AESTIVUM  aGENOMIC SELECTION  aSELECCIÓN GENÓMICA1 aLADO, B.1 aNALIN, R.S.1 aQUINCKE, M.1 aGUTIÉRREZ, L.  tPlant Genome, November 2019, Volume 12, Issue 3, Article number 190028. OPEN ACCESS. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3835/plantgenome2019.04.0028