02185naa a2200265 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006002400270007410000140010124501110011526000090022650003540023552010300058965300190161965300090163865300140164765300200166165300260168165300250170770000160173270000200174870000200176877301310178810604762020-09-21       2019    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a2073-44417 a10.3390/w110714332DOI1 aNAVAS, R.  aIdentifying climate and human impact trends in streamflowbA case study in Uruguay.h[electronic resource]  c2019  aArticle history: Received: 17 June 2019 / Revised: 6 July 2019 / Accepted: 9 July 2019 / Published: 12 July 2019. This article belongs to the Special Issue Impacts of Climate Change and Anthropogenic Activities on the Spatio-Temporal Variability of River Flow: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/water/special_issues/Spatio-temporal_Variability_River_Flow  aABSTRACT. Land use change is an important driver of trends in streamflow. However, the effects are often difficult to disentangle from climate effects. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that trends in streamflow can be identified by analysing residuals of rainfall-runoff simulations using a Generalized Additive Mixed Model. This assumes that the rainfall-runoff model removes the average climate forcing from streamflow. The case study involves the Santa Lucía river (Uruguay), the GR4J rainfall-runoff model, three nested catchments ranging from 690 to 4900 km 2 and 35 years of observations (1981?2016). Two exogenous variables were considered to influence the streamflow. Using satellite data, growth in forest cover was identified, while the growth in water licenses was obtained from the water authority. Depending on the catchment, effects of land use change differ, with the largest catchment most impacted by afforestation, while the middle size catchment was more influenced by the growth in water licenses.  aClimate models  aGR4J  aHYDROLOGY  aLand use change  aStatistical hydrology  aTrend identification1 aAALONSO, J.1 aGORGOGLIONE, A.1 aVERVOORT, R. W.  tWater (Switzerland), 1 July 2019, Volume 11, Issue 7, Article number 1433. OPEN ACCESS. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/w11071433