02453naa a2200325 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200230006002400360008310000210011924500870014026000090022750000920023652014870032865000110181565000150182665300220184165300140186370000170187770000160189470000190191070000190192970000320194870000160198070000150199670000140201170000150202570000170204077300700205710602062022-09-05       2019    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a2045-2322 (online)7 a10.1038/s41598-019-46453-92DOI1 aBRANCHICCELA, B.  aImpact of nutritional stress on the honeybee colony health.h[electronic resource]  c2019  aArticle history: Received 28 January 2019/Accepted 20 June 2019/Published 12 July 2019.  aAbstract: Honeybees Apis mellifera are important pollinators of wild plants and commercial crops. For more than a decade, high percentages of honeybee colony losses have been reported worldwide. Nutritional stress due to habitat depletion, infection by diferent pests and pathogens and pesticide exposure has been proposed as the major causes. In this study we analyzed how nutritional stress afects colony strength and health. Two groups of colonies were set in a Eucalyptus grandis plantation at the beginning of the fowering period (autumn), replicating a natural scenario with a nutritionally poor food source. While both groups of colonies had access to the pollen available in this plantation, one was supplemented with a polyforal pollen patty during the entire fowering period. In the short-term, colonies under nutritional stress (which consumed mainly E. grandis pollen) showed higher infection level with Nosema spp. and lower brood and adult bee population, compared to supplemented colonies. On the other hand, these supplemented colonies showed higher infection level with RNA viruses although infection levels were low compared to countries were viral infections have negative impacts. Nutritional stress also had long-term colony efects, because bee population did not recover in spring, as in supplemented colonies did. In conclusion, nutritional stress and Nosema spp. infection had a severe impact on colony strength with consequences in both short and long-term.  aABEJAS  aAPICULTURA  aMICROBIAL ECOLOGY  aPATHOGENS1 aCASTELLI, L.1 aCORONA , M.1 aDIAZ-CETTI, S.1 aINVERNIZZI, C.1 aMARTÍNEZ DE LA ESCALERA, G1 aMENDOZA, Y.1 aSANTOS, E.1 aSILVA, C.1 aZUNINO, P.1 aANTÚNEZ, K.  tScientific Reports, November 2019, volume 9, issue 1. OPEN ACCESS