02472naa a2200289 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902200140006002400370007410000180011124501360012926000090026550001070027452015450038165000140192665000120194065300150195265300320196765300210199965300210202065300150204170000250205670000160208170000140209770000160211177300550212710582232018-09-24       2018    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a1678-45967 a10.1590/0103-8478cr201706212DOI1 aGARCÍA, J.A.  aA survey of Senecio spp. affecting livestock in Uruguay and their associated pyrrolizidine alkaloid content.h[electronic resource]  c2018  aArticle history: Received 09.04.17; Approved 11.30.17 Returned by the author 12.27.17. CR-2017-0621.R1  aABSTRACT: In Eastern Uruguay there has been a significant increase of seneciosis in grazing livestock with most affected localities related to counties neighboring the Brazilian border. A survey in 28 farms associated with poisoning outbreaks in grazing cattle in Eastern Uruguay was carried out. Fifty populations of Senecio plants were collected for alkaloid analysis and species identification. Four species were identified: S. oxyphyllus DC, S. madagascariensis Poir, S. brasiliensis (Spreng.) Less., and S. selloi DC. Alkaloids were identified by a combination of GC-MS and HPLC-MS analysis and included: retrorsine in S. oxyphyllus; retrorsine, usaramine, and senecivernine/senecionine in S. selloi; retrorsine, senecivernine/senecionine, integerrimine, and usaramine in S. madagascariensis; and integerrimine, retrorsine and senecionine in S. brasiliensis. Total mean alkaloid concentration was reported to be highest in S. brasiliensis (17.6mg/g) followed by S. oxyphyllus (6.2mg/g), S. selloi (1.8mg/g) and S. adagascariensis (0.6mg/g). Alkaloid concentrations were also reported to be higher in 2015 vs. 2016 probably due to a common environmental factor. The species S. oxyphyllus and S. madagascariensis were not previously recognized as toxic plants in Eastern Uruguay. Particularly, S. oxyphyllus was present in 82% of the farms surveyed and occurred in high density with relative high concentrations of pyrrolizidine alkaloids suggesting S. oxyphyllus may be the main species involved in the reported outbreaks of seneciosis.  aRUMIANTES  aSENECIO  aASTERACEAE  aPLANT SECONDARY METABOLITES  aPLANTAS TÓXICAS  aPOISONOUS PLANTS  aSENECIOSIS1 aGARCÍA Y SANTOS, C.1 aROSAS, J.E.1 aDUTRA, F.1 aGARDNER, D.  tCiência Rural, feb., 2018gv.48(2), p. e20170621.