02654naa a2200325 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902400410006010000180010124500880011926000090020750001040021652016500032065000140197065000150198465000150199965000110201465000100202565000130203565000410204865300180208970000160210770000230212370000190214670000190216570000210218470000180220570000200222377300850224310571762021-06-24       2016    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d7 a10.1590/S0100-736X20160006000022DOI1 aOLINDA, R. G.  aSwinepox dermatitis in backyard pigs in Northeastern Brazil.h[electronic resource]  c2016  aArticle History:Received on June 11, 2015.//Accepted for publication on March 23, 2016. OPEN ACCESS  aThis article describes five outbreaks of swinepox in backyard pigs in Northeastern Brazil. It affected backyard pigs from herds of poor hygienic-sanitary conditions with severe fly and lice infestations. The morbidity ranged from 33.3 to 100% among affected herds, with mortality reaching up to 60%. The affected pigs developed multifocal to coalescent gray to white papules and blisters in the skin, with eventual eruptions, evolving to erosions and crusts. In addition to skin lesions, affected piglets presented apathy, anorexia and fever. The disease was auto-limiting, resolving within 15 to 25 days. Histological examination revealed proliferative and ulcerative vesiculopustular dermatitis with ballooning degeneration of epithelial cells, perivascular inflammatory infiltrates of lymphocytes, plasma cells, neutrophils, eosinophils and some macrophages in the dermis. Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions were consistently observed in keratinocytes. Total DNA extracted from fresh tissue fragments obtained from one outbreak and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue from the other four outbreaks was submitted to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Swinepox virus (SWPV) and Vaccinia virus (VACV). Genetic SWPV material was identified by PCR in fresh material from one outbreak. Nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the PCR amplicons (viral polymerase gene) demonstrated 100% homology with sequences from SWPV. All tissues were PCR negative for VACV. Swine poxvirus is present in backyard pigs in Northeastern Brazil, indicating the need of including SWPV in the differential diagnosis of dermatitis in pigs.  aDermatite  aDermatitis  aPoxviridae  aSuíno  aSwine  aVaríola  aViral diseases of animals and humans  aDoença viral1 aMAIA, L. A.1 aCARGNELUTTI, J. F.1 aGOIS, R. C. S.1 aBATISTA, J. S.1 aDANTAS, A. F. M.1 aFLORES, E. F.1 aRIET-CORREA, F.  tPesquisa Veterinária Brasileira, Brasília, DFgv. 36, n. 6, p. 468-472,  2016.