02679naa a2200289 a 450000100080000000500110000800800410001902000180006002200140007802400410009210000140013324500750014726000090022250001770023152017750040865000080218365000120219165300140220365300110221765300170222865300310224565300120227670000150228870000180230370000170232177300510233810102582018-02-05       1997    bl uuuu     u00u1 u    #d  a9789066057999  a0567-75727 a10.17660/ActaHortic.1997.433.702DOI1 aMAESO, D.  aStudies on viruses affecting garlic in Uruguay.h[electronic resource]  c1997  aIn: Acta Horticulturae (ISHS) 433: Proceedings of the I International Symposium on Edible Alliaceae, Mendoza (Argentina), March 14, 1994. Eds. J.L. Burba and C.R. Galmarini  aAbstract.  In Uruguay, 228 hectares are cultivated with garlic, with an average yield of 2 ton/ha. Propagating material lacks any sanitary or productive selection. Garlic is worldwide affected by viruses of the poty and carlavirus groups that considerably decrease yields. Reports from the Las Brujas Experiment Station (EELB) in 1978 already showed the almost total infection by viruses of the garlic crop in Uruguay. Some works were started in 1991 to provide information to support an EELB program to produce virus-free material of garlic: a) Serological identification of the viruses that infect Uruguayan garlic crops. b) Antisera production and adjust of techniques for virus detection. c) Indexing of in vitro propagated materials. Flexous rod-shaped viral particles were observed using serological techniques combined with electron microscopy. These particles showed a strong serological reaction in the immunosorbent electron microscopy with decoration technique (ISEM-D) against onion yellow dwarf virus, leek yellow stripe virus, carnation latent virus antisera and other antiserum called "garlic yellow stripe virus", probably obtained since a mixture of garlic viruses. Viruses mixture from garlic was purified and an antisera was obtained. It was used in ISEM-D and ELISA detecting concentrations of purified viruses less than 1.25 μg/ml, and showing clear differences between healthy and diseased plants. Eighty one in vitro tissue-cultured plants were tested using ISEM, detecting viral particles in 63 of them (78%). Nearly half (47%) of the infected plants were detected using the antisera prepared against the mixture of viruses, requiring the use of others antisera to detect the rest of them. @  International Society for Horticultural Science.  aAJO  aVIROSIS  aDETECTION  aGARLIC  aPURIFICATION  aSEROLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION  aVIRUSES1 aPAGANI, C.1 aMIRABELLE, I.1 aCONCI, V. C.  tActa Horticulturae, 1997, N° 433, p. 617-622.