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Biblioteca(s): 	INIA Las Brujas.	
Fecha corriente: 	12/11/2015	
Fecha de la última actualización: 	09/10/2019	
Autoria: 	BESIL, N.; PÉREZ-PARADA, A.; CESIO, V.; VARELA, P.; RIVAS, F.; HEINZEN, H.	
Afiliación: 	NATALIA BESIL, Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Centro Universitario Regional Noroeste, Salto (CENUR); Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Química; ANDRÉS PÉREZ-PARADA, Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Química; VERÓNICA CESIO, Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Química; PABLO NICOLAS VARELA PESSOLANO, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; CARLOS FERNANDO RIVAS GRELA, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; HORACIO HEINZEN, Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Centro Universitario Regional Noroeste, Salto (CENUR); Universidad de la República (UdelaR)/ Facultad de Química.	
Título: 	Degradation of imazalil, orthophenylphenol and pyrimethanil in Clementine mandarins under conventional postharvest industrial conditions at 4 °C.	
Año de publicación: 	2015	
Fuente/Imprenta: 	Food Chemistry, 2016, v.194, p. 1132-1137.	
ISSN: 	0308-8146	
DOI: 	10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.111	
Idioma: 	Inglés	
Notas: 	Article history: Received 16 April 2015 / Received in revised form 25 August 2015 / Accepted 25 August 2015 / Available online 29 August 2015.
Chemical compounds studied in this article: Imazalil (PubChem CID: 37175) / Orthophenylphenol (PubChem CID: 7017) / Pyrimethanil (PubChem CID: 91650).	
Contenido: 	ABSTRACT.

The degradation of the postharvest fungicides imazalil, orthophenylphenol, and pyrimethanil was studied on Clementine mandarins during packinghouse storage for a 28 day period at 4 C. Fruits to which orthophenylphenol was applied, were treated with imazalil and pyrimethanil at doses of 1000 and 2000 mg L1, using cascade application for the later and cascade and wax for the former. The decay of the three fungicides was evaluated using an in-house validated analytical procedure that includes the extraction and dispersive clean up of the samples followed by the GC?MS determination of the pesticide residues. The impact of fruit storage time on pesticide residues concentration was assessed. The residues
found for the different application technologies were always below the established Maximum Residue Limits by the Codex Alimentarius and the European Union (5 mg kg1 for imazalil, 7 and 8 mg kg1 for pyrimethanil, and 10 mg kg1 and 5 mg kg1 for orthophenylphenol). The fungicides dissipated differentially. 
Pyrimethanil showed little degradation, if any, at both tested concentrations, but the half-life of imazalil on the fruit was 15?18 days, independent of the application technology. Orthophenylphenol dissipated with a half-life of 15 days. The initial imazalil residue found after cascade treatment was not significantly different between the doses studied (p < 0.5), whereas when the fungicide was included in wax as an emulsifiable concentrate the initial and final imazalil residues were significantly different.
Final residue levels after 28 days of storage were 0.12?0.24 mg kg1 for imazalil, 0.68 mg kg1 for 2-phenylphenol and 0.56 mg kg1 for pyrimethanil for all the evaluated treatments.

2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.	
Palabras-Clave: 	Degradation; Postharvest fungicides.	
Thesagro: 	CITRUS; FUNGICIDAS; TECNICA POSTCOSECHA.	
Categoría del tema: 	H20 Enfermedades de las plantas	
Registro original: 	INIA Las Brujas (LB)	
Ejemplares: 	LB - (100784-1) - PXI - AP - PP - PP/FOOD CHEMISTRY/2016 -  -  - DIS