Fecha/hora: 12/06/2024 07:26:04

Biblioteca(s): | INIA La Estanzuela.
Fecha corriente: | 12/10/2015
Fecha de la última actualización: | 12/10/2015
Autoria: | GASO, D.; CAPURRO, M.C.
Afiliación: | DEBORAH VIVIANA GASO MELGAR, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay; MARIA CRISTINA CAPURRO BAZZANO, INIA (Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria), Uruguay.
Título: | Potential yield of contrasting soybean maturity groups in Southern Uruguayan conditions: abstract.
Año de publicación: | 2015
Fuente/Imprenta: | Agrociencia Uruguay, v. 19, special issue "Inter-Regional CIGR Conference on Land and Water Challenges, 3., La Estanzuela, Colonia, UY. Tools for developing; "Dr. Mario García Petillo"", p. 36, 2015.
ISSN: | 1510-0839.
Idioma: | Inglés
Notas: | En versión electrónica difiere la paginación: Agrociencia Uruguay, v. 19, special issue, p. 39, 2015.

Contenido:

Soybean potential yield (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is determined by temperature, radiation, photoperiod and genotype in every
location. The variability of potential yields is strongly associated with changes in available solar radiation through years.
Selection of management practices that lead to maintaining high yields are: genotype, sowing date and row spacing. Sowing
date enables coupling solar radiation offer with the crop stages were yield is defined. Furthermore, potential yield for every
environment depends on genotype. Selection of the maturity group (MG) defines the initiation of the reproductive period, which
conditions the nod number, the maximum leaf area index (LAI) and the environmental conditions during grain filling. Additionally,
growth habit of each genotype is also related to potential yield. Early sowing date allows the expression of the greatest
differences among MG. A crop growth simulation study showed that the average potential productivity of early maturing
cultivars (MG from III to V) achieved higher yields than later maturing cultivars (MG from V to VII) at early sowing date
conditions in Uruguayan latitudes. Later maturing cultivars localize their critical period when daily radiation curve declines (late
January - February) and consequently the growth rate during reproductive stage is not maximized. The objective of this study
was to determine the potential crop growth and yield of different MG in two ambient crated by early and mid sowing date, at
southern Uruguayan latitudes. The experiment was carried out during summer 2014-2015. Contrasting MG -from III to VIIwere
tested on two sowing dates: 15/10 and 15/11. Different growing variables were measured during the growing season:
evolution of the intercepted solar radiation, biomass (B), soil water content, number of pods per square meter and crop yield.
Results showed that early maturing cultivars expressed higher yields in both sowing dates. The yield on mid-October sowing
date ranged from 5400 to 6300 kg ha-1 for early maturing cultivars and 4600 to 5600 kg ha-1 for later maturing cultivars. For mid
November sowing date the yields ranged from 4600 to 5200 kg ha-1 for early maturing cultivars and 3800 to 5500 kg ha-1 for later
maturing cultivars. However, evolution of LAI and B was similar among MG. The main difference showed was accumulated biomass
at initial reproductive stage. Daily water uptake did not differ among MG; nevertheless, total water uptake responded positively
to the increase of the crop cycle length. The highest potential yield for season 2014-2015 was reached with early maturing
cultivars. Results showed that yields could be maximized with management practices as supplementary irrigation and the use
of short MG sowed in October. The use of these practices lead to obtain over 6000 kg ha-1 crop yield combined with high water
productivity.

Palabras-Clave: | BIOMASA DEL CULTIVO; EFICIENCIA EN EL USO DEL AGUA; FECHA DE SIEMBRA; ÍNDICE DE ÁREA FOLIAR; IRRIGACIÓN SUPLEMENTARIA; RADIACIÓN SOLAR.
Thesagro: | GLYCINE MAX; RENDIMIENTO DEL CULTIVO; RIEGO; SOJA; URUGUAY.
Categoría del tema: | F01 Cultivo
URL: | http://www.ainfo.inia.uy/digital/bitstream/item/5054/1/Agrociencia-Congreso-CIGR2015-v.19.si.p.39-GASO.pdf
Registro original: | INIA La Estanzuela (LE)

Ejemplares:

LE - (101171-1) - INI - PC - PP - LE-PP/AGROCIENCIA URUGUAY/ - 2015/19/ - . . . - DIS
LE - (101171-2) - INI - PC - DD -  -  -  - DIS